2009-11-7 22:37
laq314
过冬的椋鸟群
大批椋鸟从俄罗斯和北欧飞回英伦过冬，场面令人叹为观止
[url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/gallery/2009/nov/05/starlings-return-winter?picture=355152103][url=http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330995832/Starlings-return-for-wint-004.jpg][img=586,390]http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330995832/Starlings-return-for-wint-004.jpg[/img][/url][/url]
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几千只椋鸟飞回苏格兰格雷纳（Gretna）过冬。数不胜数的椋鸟从俄罗斯及欧洲北部飞往英国。它们到这里寻找相对温暖的栖息之地。然而，这种鸟却在英国被列为最濒危的鸟类之一。
[color=#808080]图片来源: Owen Humphreys/PA[/color]
[url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/gallery/2009/nov/05/starlings-return-winter?picture=355152109][url=http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330993277/Starlings-return-for-wint-002.jpg][img=630,376]http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330993277/Starlings-return-for-wint-002.jpg[/img][/url][/url]
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人们认为，椋鸟形成大群体是为了更加安全、温暖，或许还有交流方面的原因。它们为何、如何组成这样流畅、优美而独特的形状，依旧是个未解之谜。
[color=#808080]图片来源: Owen Humphreys/PA[/color]
[url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/gallery/2009/nov/05/starlings-return-winter?picture=355152101][url=http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330997024/Starlings-return-for-wint-005.jpg][img=630,322]http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330997024/Starlings-return-for-wint-005.jpg[/img][/url][/url]
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这种鸟为何会消失也是个疑团，不过大多数批评都指向1970年代以来化学药剂的过多使用、以及新的草原管理技术，认为是它们导致椋鸟赖以为生的昆虫数量减少。
[color=#808080]图片来源: Owen Humphreys/PA[/color]
[url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/gallery/2009/nov/05/starlings-return-winter?picture=355152107][url=http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330992080/Starlings-return-for-wint-001.jpg][img=586,390]http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330992080/Starlings-return-for-wint-001.jpg[/img][/url][/url]
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在每晚栖息之前，椋鸟群在天空中掠过，组成了壮观的队形。最佳拍摄时期是傍晚——天黑一小时之前
[color=#808080]图片来源: Owen Humphreys/PA[/color]
[url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/gallery/2009/nov/05/starlings-return-winter?picture=355152111][url=http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330994583/Starlings-return-for-wint-003.jpg][img=630,372]http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330994583/Starlings-return-for-wint-003.jpg[/img][/url][/url]
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鸟群每年11月左右开始成型，呆在一起直到第二年春天，到那时，一些鸟飞往国外、一些鸟则留在国内哺育下一代。
[color=#808080]图片来源: Owen Humphreys/PA[/color]
[url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/gallery/2009/nov/05/starlings-return-winter?picture=355152105][url=http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330998250/Starlings-return-for-wint-006.jpg][img=630,384]http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/11/4/1257330998250/Starlings-return-for-wint-006.jpg[/img][/url][/url]
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有些鸟群据估计由200万只鸟组成——不过不是在英国。在布莱顿码头（Brighton Pier），鸟类观察者估计，他们看到大约有40000只鸟在天空中跳着黄昏的芭蕾舞曲。
[color=#808080]图片来源: Owen Humphreys/PA[/color]